Boilers By-Product Coke Ovens Cement Kilns, hot Zone Copper Converters Copper Refining Furnaces Copper Reverberatories Gas Producer Glass Annealing Furnaces Glass Tanks, bottle Glass Tanks, plate Iron and Steel Furnaces Annealing Oven Blast Furnace, tapping Bessemer Converter Electric Furnaces Heating Furnaces Malleable Furnaces Open Hearths Melting Chamber Checkers Soaking Pits
1000 to 1600 1000 to 1500 1300 to 1600 1200 to 1300 1250 to 1550 1300 to 1570 1260 to 1370 0430 to 0450 1370 to 1600 1370 to 1650
0760 to 0980 1370 to 1540 1540 to 1650 1450 to 1700 0980 to 1310 1300 to 1650
0650 to 1680 0200 to 1430 1150 to 1370
1800 to 2900 1830 to 2730 2400 to 2900 2200 to 2400 2300 to 2800 2400 to 2850 2300 to 2500 0800 to 1000 2500 to 2900 2500 to 3000
1400 to 1800 2500 to 2800 2800 to 3000 2650 to 3100 1800 to 2400 2400 to 3000
1200 to 3050 0400 to 2600 2100 to 2500
COLOUR SCALE FOR TEMPERATURES
Lowest visible red Lowest visible red to dark red Dark red to cheery red Cheery red to bright cheery red Bright cheery red to Orange Orange to yellow Yellow to light yellow Light yellow to white White to Dazzling white
475 475 to 650 650 to 750 750 to 815 815 to 900 900 to 1090 1090 to 1315 1315 to 1540 1540 to Over
885 885 to 1200 1200 to 1380 1380 to 1500 1500 to 1650 1650 to 2000 2000 to 2400 2400 to 2800 2800 to Over
TEMPERATURE END POINTS OF PYROMETRIC CONES
Definition- Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (P.C.E.) - Supposing the case of Refractories, the amount of standard cone whose tip touches the supporting spot concurrently with a cone of the substance gets examined when tested as per the industrial standard method of Fire clay Bricks IS: 1528 Part-I 1980 of ISI. Note: These expressions- “fusion point”, “deformation point”, “softening point” and “melting point”, have generally been used for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (P.C.E.).
LARGE CONES
P. C. E. CONES
Orton Cone
ºC
ºF
Orton Cone
ºC
ºF
022 021 020 019
585 602 625 668
1085 1116 1157 1234
11 12 13 14
1294 1306 1349 1398
2361 2383 2460 2548
018 017 016 015
696 727 767 790
1285 1341 1407 1454
15 16 17 18
1430 1491 1512 1522
2606 2716 2754 2772
014 013 012 011
834 869 866 886
1533 1596 1591 1627
19 20 23 26
1541 1564 1605 1621
2806 2847 2921 2950
010 09 08 07
887 915 945 973
1629 1679 1733 1783
27 29 31 31
1640 1659 1683 1699
2984 3018 3061 3090
06 05 04 03
991 1031 1050 1086
1816 1888 1922 1987
32 32 33 34
1717 1724 1743 1763
3123 3135 3169 3205
02 01 1 2
1101 1117 1136 1142
2014 2043 2077 2088
35 36 37 38
1785 1804 1820 1820
3245 3279 3308 3362
3 4 5 6
1152 1168 1177 1201
2106 2134 2151 2194
39 40 41 42
1865 1885 1970 2015
3389 3425 3525 3659
7 8 9 10
1215 1236 1260 1285
2219 2257 2300 2345
-
-
-
*Note: Pyrometric Cones do not provide precise temperature measurement. Where it is wished to construe P.C.E. values closed to the measured temperature. Above listed table can be referred because this table have been officially accepted by A.S.M.T., that is established on the works of fair child and peters, J. Amer. Cer. Soc. 9, 701-43, 1926. Correction in A.S.M.T. Cones from 12 to 37 (inclusive) were adopted in June, 1955, A.S.M.T. Standards 1955, 711.715 Heating rate: Cones 022 to 37 (inclusive), 150ºCent. per hour (270ºF per hour); Cones 38, 100º Cent. per hour (180ºF per hours). The aforesaid temperature ranges do not refer to slower of heating in commercialized firing and utilization of refractory substances. Above stated table/chart have been acquired by the Bureau Of Indian Standards.
Cooperative Chart showing Cones Nos. and Temperature for segar & Orton Cones
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